交大高金朱宁：经济学家视角下AI时代的范式思维转变

Core Viewpoints - The concept of scarcity has changed after the emergence of AI, prompting a need for deeper consideration on how to make better choices in the face of this new reality [6][11] - As AI begins to replace human decision-making, competition may arise between humans and algorithms, as well as among algorithms themselves [6][22] Economic Implications - Economics has historically focused on technological progress and its impact on economic principles and human welfare, with fundamental concepts like "what is human?" and "what is production?" undergoing significant changes in the AI era [8][11] - The traditional view of scarcity, which included time, computational power, and creativity, is being challenged as AI can now perform tasks that previously required significant human effort [11][12] - AI is expected to contribute to global economic growth by 0.5% to 0.7% annually over the next decade, although this may not be sufficient to support high valuations in tech markets [14][24][25] Industry Impact - The nature of work is changing, with both white-collar and blue-collar jobs facing potential replacement by AI, blurring the lines between these categories [31] - Knowledge-intensive industries, previously thought to be safe from AI disruption, are also at risk as AI capabilities evolve [33] - Companies are encouraged to focus on how to leverage AI technology to enhance productivity and efficiency rather than seeking industries that are immune to AI [33] Global Considerations - There is a significant disparity in access to AI capabilities between high-income and low-income countries, which may exacerbate global wealth distribution issues [28][29] - The shift towards AI-driven trade will lead to new regulatory and governance challenges, particularly regarding accountability in cross-border transactions [30]