英国金融时报：投资者押注中国企业将推动全球人工智能建设

Core Viewpoint - Despite facing U.S. tariffs, Chinese companies like CATL are still able to achieve substantial profits from export sales, driven by both domestic and international demand for energy solutions [1][3][4]. Group 1: Market Performance - In 2023, the stock prices of major Chinese manufacturers in the energy sector, such as CATL and Sungrow, have surged significantly, with CATL's stock rising by 45% and Sungrow's by 130% [3]. - The Shenzhen Stock Exchange's New Energy Index, which includes these companies, has increased by 38% since 2025 [3]. Group 2: Profit Margins - Export profit margins for energy storage systems, including batteries and converters, are estimated to be three to five times higher than domestic sales margins [4]. - The gross profit margin for transformers sold domestically is between 10% to 20%, while margins for exports to the U.S. and Europe can reach 40% to 50% [4]. Group 3: Supply Chain Dynamics - In the first nine months of the year, 60% of U.S. lithium-ion battery imports came from China, up from 43% in 2020, with total imports amounting to $15 billion, more than triple the total for 2020 [5]. - Despite efforts by the U.S. to reduce dependency on China, the supply chain remains heavily reliant on Chinese manufacturers, particularly in the AI sector [5][7]. Group 4: Competitive Advantages - Chinese manufacturers, such as CATL, hold a structural advantage in the AI supply chain, particularly in the production of lithium iron phosphate batteries, which are safer and have a longer lifespan compared to alternatives [5]. - Chinese companies also excel in pricing and delivery speed, making them more attractive options for urgent projects compared to suppliers from other countries [7]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The demand for lithium iron phosphate batteries remains strong despite tariffs and decoupling policies, with no significant alternative suppliers outside of China [6]. - Upcoming increases in tariffs on Chinese batteries from 30.9% to 48.4% may impact future trends in the market [7].