2.5D封装的下一步

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the fundamental changes in the construction and assembly of intermediary layers and bridge technologies in advanced packaging, highlighting the increasing complexity and thickness of intermediary layers and the cost-reduction efforts associated with bridge technology [1]. Intermediary Layers - Intermediary layers are evolving to become thicker and more complex, primarily made of silicon, which is costly even at older process nodes [1]. - The typical intermediary layer currently has up to four layers, with some reaching ten layers due to the emergence of new HBM memory generations [7]. - The balance between intermediary layer thickness and mechanical strength is crucial, as increased thickness can lead to warping issues [7]. - Active intermediary layers are gaining traction, particularly in AI and HPC applications, but face challenges in cost, yield, and thermal management [8][9]. Bridge Technology - Silicon bridge technology is designed to achieve high-density interconnections at a lower cost compared to silicon intermediary layers [1][17]. - The integration of bridge structures into organic materials can provide high-density interconnections and shorter delays, but alignment issues pose significant challenges [17][18]. - Current bridge technology has not fully realized its cost-reduction potential due to low yield rates, which need to be addressed for broader adoption [24]. Material Considerations - Organic intermediary layers are emerging as a cost-effective alternative to silicon, as they can be manufactured on panels rather than wafers, reducing production costs [15]. - Glass is also being considered for intermediary layers due to its lower signal loss, especially for photonic applications, but is still years away from mass production [16]. - The industry is likely to see a coexistence of silicon and organic intermediary layers, with organic materials gradually gaining market share [23]. Testing and Quality Control - Active intermediary layers require more extensive testing beyond simple open/short tests, including functional testing and electrical isolation, complicating the production process [11]. - Yield rates are critical for the success of active intermediary layers, as they introduce new challenges related to electrical performance and testing requirements [9][10].