海南自贸港正式启动全岛封关；三部门联合发布《互联网平台价格行为规则》｜每周金融评论（2025.12.15-2025.12.21）

Core Insights - The article discusses significant economic policies and events in China and Japan, highlighting the launch of the Hainan Free Trade Port and the Bank of Japan's interest rate hike, which marks a shift in monetary policy after decades of ultra-loose measures [9][11]. Group 1: Hainan Free Trade Port - The Hainan Free Trade Port officially commenced full island closure operations on December 18, 2025, implementing a series of tax and customs policies aimed at enhancing trade and investment [9]. - The port focuses on four main industries: tourism, modern services, high-tech industries, and tropical agriculture, differentiating its development from that of Hong Kong and Macau [10]. - The "zero tariff" policy aims to maximize trade facilitation and efficient flow of resources, covering 86 industries, with tax differences exceeding 10% in 10 sectors, thereby enhancing market stability and supporting the real economy [10]. Group 2: Bank of Japan's Monetary Policy - On December 19, the Bank of Japan raised its policy interest rate by 25 basis points to 0.75%, the highest level in 30 years, driven by persistent inflation and currency depreciation [11][12]. - This decision is seen as a critical step in Japan's economic transformation, aiming to balance inflation control with stable growth amid ongoing structural reforms and global economic changes [12]. Group 3: Government Meetings and Policies - The State Council of China emphasized the need for proactive implementation of economic policies to ensure a strong start to the 14th Five-Year Plan, urging departments to take responsibility and expedite the formulation of specific action plans [13][15]. - The People's Bank of China released the "Management Measures for the Identification of Beneficial Owners of Financial Institution Clients," effective January 20, 2026, aimed at enhancing anti-money laundering and compliance measures [17]. - A joint announcement by three departments introduced the "Price Behavior Rules for Internet Platforms," which regulates pricing practices to protect consumer rights and ensure fair competition among platform operators [18]. Group 4: Insurance and Financial Regulations - The draft "Asset-Liability Management Measures for Insurance Companies" was released for public consultation, aiming to strengthen asset-liability management and regulatory oversight in the insurance sector [20]. - The measures include establishing regulatory indicators and monitoring systems to prevent asset-liability mismatches and promote sustainable development in the insurance industry [20]. Group 5: Foreign Exchange Market - In November, China's banks recorded a foreign exchange settlement surplus of $15.7 billion, indicating a stable foreign exchange market amid ongoing global financial volatility [21]. - The stability in the foreign exchange market reflects China's resilience against external shocks, enhancing investor confidence and demonstrating the economy's ability to withstand fluctuations in the international market [22].