徐州医科大学发表最新Cell论文：肿瘤产生的氨被Treg细胞代谢，进一步阻碍抗肿瘤免疫

Core Viewpoint - The research highlights the role of tumor-produced ammonia in enhancing regulatory T cells (Treg cells), which impedes anti-tumor immunity, suggesting ammonia generation as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy [2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study published in Cell reveals that ammonia produced by tumors is metabolized by Treg cells, leading to their enhancement and further obstruction of anti-tumor immune responses [2][5]. - The research team identified metabolic heterogeneity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), characterized by high levels of glutamine breakdown and ammonia, where Treg cells are prevalent while CD8+ and CD4+ effector T cells are diminished [3]. - Treg cells utilize the urea cycle to detoxify ammonia by upregulating argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), and ammonia is converted into spermidine under the regulation of the FOXP3 transcription factor [3][8]. Group 2: Clinical Implications - The study indicates that tumor cells undergoing anti-PD-1 treatment release ammonia through deamination, which enhances Treg cell function and leads to resistance to immunotherapy [4][8]. - The findings suggest that targeting ammonia production could inhibit Treg cells, providing a novel strategy for enhancing anti-tumor immunity [5][8].