有关司美格鲁肽口服片，问得最多的10个问题

Core Viewpoint - The article addresses common questions regarding the oral formulation of Semaglutide for weight loss, emphasizing its effectiveness, usage guidelines, and safety profile. Group 1: Weight Loss Efficacy - In the OASIS 1 study, participants using 50mg oral Semaglutide lost an average of 17.4% (18.34 kg) over 68 weeks [5][6] - The OASIS 4 study showed that participants using 25mg oral Semaglutide lost an average of 13.6% (14.4 kg) over 64 weeks, with potential maximum weight loss reaching 16.6% (17.6 kg) [7][8] Group 2: Side Effects - Approximately 30% of participants reported gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which were mostly mild to moderate and tended to resolve over time [9] - Semaglutide has shown good safety in elderly patients and those with renal impairment, although caution is advised for patients with severe renal dysfunction [11] Group 3: Usage Guidelines - Semaglutide should be taken at least 30 minutes before the first meal of the day, using no more than 118ml of plain water for swallowing [12] - The recommended starting dose is 3mg once daily, increasing to 7mg after 30 days, with a maximum dose of 14mg if necessary [14] Group 4: Lifestyle Changes - Weight loss should not solely rely on dieting; a caloric intake of at least 1200 kcal per day is recommended, with a focus on balanced meals and healthy snacks [15][17] - Regular physical activity is crucial, with recommendations of 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise weekly [17] Group 5: Mechanism of Action - Semaglutide mimics GLP-1 hormone, improving insulin secretion and reducing appetite, while also delaying gastric emptying to enhance satiety [18] - The SNAC technology used in Semaglutide enhances absorption, increasing bioavailability by approximately 100 times [18] Group 6: Contraindications - Semaglutide is not suitable for type 1 diabetes patients, those with a history of severe gastrointestinal diseases, or individuals with a family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma [20][21] Group 7: Additional Benefits - Clinical studies indicate that Semaglutide effectively manages type 2 diabetes, with a 92.3% HbA1c target achievement rate among newly diagnosed patients [22] - It has also shown cardiovascular safety, significantly reducing the risk of cardiovascular death by 51% in patients with cardiovascular conditions [24] Group 8: Oral vs. Injectable Formulation - The oral formulation of Semaglutide is easier to store and transport compared to injectable forms, which require strict cold chain logistics [25] - Oral administration is more convenient for patients who may fear injections or experience side effects from them [25] Group 9: Risk of Hypoglycemia - Semaglutide's glucose-dependent mechanism means it does not cause hypoglycemia in individuals with normal blood sugar levels, making it a safer option for weight loss [26] Group 10: Weight Regain After Discontinuation - Research indicates that after stopping Semaglutide, 18% of patients regained weight, while 26% regained more than 25% of their lost weight, highlighting the importance of ongoing management [27]