对话原诚寅：从“缺芯”到“体系战”，中国汽车芯片正在换一种打法

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese automotive market is transitioning from "scale competition" to "system competition" by 2025, driven by ongoing smart technology advancements and expanding export scales. This shift emphasizes the importance of stable supply, hardware-software collaboration, and long-term evolution capabilities in automotive chip demand [1][3]. Industry Development - The automotive chip industry has moved from a basic "availability" phase to a more advanced "usability" phase, with 90% of critical chip products now having corresponding domestic alternatives, and some models featuring over 20% domestic chip integration [3]. - Despite significant progress, 10% of core challenges remain, and not all chips are suitable for domestic development due to technical and cost constraints. A balanced approach to self-sufficiency is necessary [3][14]. Technological Breakthroughs - The alliance focuses on three key variables: open-source architecture, power semiconductors, and hardware-software integration. RISC-V is highlighted as a strategic choice to reduce dependency on traditional IPs like ARM and X86 [5][6]. - Power semiconductors are advancing from basic components to high-end applications, with silicon carbide entering large-scale use and gallium nitride transitioning to automotive-grade applications [5]. - The integration of hardware chips with software solutions is crucial for meeting domestic needs and ensuring intellectual property rights [6]. Ecosystem Construction - The alliance is developing a comprehensive ecosystem that includes supply-demand matching, standardization, testing certification, and capital support. A 2025 automotive chip supply manual has been released, featuring over 500 products from more than 100 chip companies [8][9]. - Standardization is essential for large-scale manufacturing, with the alliance participating in the creation of a complete standard system that includes national, industry, and enterprise standards [8]. - A testing certification committee is being established to address manufacturers' concerns about product reliability and safety [9]. Market Evolution - By 2026, the automotive chip market is expected to exhibit volatility, with AI-related chips facing potential shortages due to high demand, while traditional chips will depend on industry conditions [11]. - Geopolitical factors are prompting companies to reconsider supply chain strategies, leading to a trend towards regional supply chains, which may provide opportunities for domestic chip manufacturers [12]. Rational Development - The alliance maintains a pragmatic approach, recognizing that not all chips can be developed domestically. It advocates for a balanced pace of self-sufficiency while encouraging collaboration with foreign suppliers [14][15]. Long-term Vision - The alliance has evolved from an emergency response platform during the chip shortage to a comprehensive industry organization focused on innovation, standardization, testing, and capital support [16]. - Future plans include enhancing the chip technology roadmap, establishing a RISC-V standard system, and exploring new applications for automotive chips in robotics and low-altitude economies [16][18].