【石油化工】25年周期景气下行龙头优势明显，26年继续看好行业龙头穿越周期——行业周报第434期（赵乃迪/蔡嘉豪/周家诺）

Core Viewpoint - The petrochemical industry faced significant challenges in 2025, with the China Petroleum and Petrochemical Index rising only 15.1%, underperforming compared to the CSI 300 and Wind All A indices, which reflects the impact of fluctuating oil prices and market expectations [4]. Group 1: Oil and Gas Sector Performance - The "Big Three" oil companies (China National Petroleum, Sinopec, and CNOOC) demonstrated resilience amid declining oil prices and narrowing refining margins, achieving stable performance and cash flow in the first three quarters of 2025 [5]. - In the second half of 2025, the negative impact of falling oil prices diminished, leading to a recovery in stock prices for the "Big Three," with respective A-share price changes of +16.3%, -9.8%, and +0.7% [5]. - Looking ahead to 2026, the "Big Three" are expected to maintain high capital expenditures and enhance natural gas market development, aiming for long-term growth despite oil price cycles [5]. Group 2: Refining and Chemical Sector - Leading refining and chemical stocks, such as Hengli Petrochemical and Rongsheng Petrochemical, showed strong price performance, with annual increases of 43.6% and 22.9%, respectively [6]. - The petrochemical industry is currently experiencing low price differentials for key products, indicating potential for recovery as the industry undergoes high-quality development driven by capacity expansion and structural optimization [6]. Group 3: Coal Chemical Sector - Coal chemical companies like Hualu Hengsheng and Baofeng Energy saw stock price increases of 46.2% and 16.9%, respectively, amid a gradual easing of coal supply and demand since 2024 [7]. - As of December 26, 2025, the average prices for domestic coking coal, thermal coal, and anthracite were 1700 RMB/ton, 677 RMB/ton, and 931 RMB/ton, reflecting changes of +11.1%, -11.3%, and -10.5% respectively since the beginning of the year [8]. - The modern coal chemical sector is expected to develop positively in the context of energy transition, with traditional coal enterprises focusing on green transformation and deep clean utilization of coal [8].