IBM前CEO郭士纳去世，他曾深刻影响任正非

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the legacy of Lou Gerstner, former CEO of IBM, who transformed the company from a struggling hardware manufacturer to a successful IT services provider during his tenure from 1993 to 2002, leading to an 800% increase in stock price and a market capitalization rise from $29 billion to over $100 billion [3][4]. Group 1: Gerstner's Leadership and Impact - Gerstner took over IBM at a time when the company was facing severe financial losses, including a record loss of $8.1 billion in 1993, and was on the brink of collapse [3][4]. - He implemented a series of strategic changes, including freezing cash flow, ensuring profitability in 1994, and focusing on customer needs, which led to IBM's first profit in years, amounting to $3 billion by the end of 1994 [5][6]. - Gerstner's approach emphasized understanding customer value and reorganizing IBM's structure to be more customer-oriented, which was a significant shift from the previous operational focus [5][6]. Group 2: Strategic Acquisitions and Transformations - Under Gerstner's leadership, IBM made a landmark acquisition of Lotus Software for $3.5 billion in 1995, marking the largest software acquisition at that time and facilitating IBM's transition to a services-oriented business model [5][6]. - By the time Gerstner stepped down in 2002, IBM had significantly increased its service revenue and profits, completing its transformation from a hardware manufacturer to an IT services provider [6][7]. Group 3: Legacy and Influence - Gerstner's influence extended beyond IBM, impacting other companies and leaders, such as Ren Zhengfei of Huawei, who adopted IBM's management practices to enhance Huawei's operations [6][7]. - After leaving IBM, Gerstner continued to provide insights and advice to the company, demonstrating his ongoing commitment to its success [7][8].