国泰海通 · 深度｜策略：从历次科技牛规律，定位当下AI产业链投资阶段

Core Viewpoint - The current overseas computing power valuation is reasonable with potential for upward revision, while domestic computing power has significant long-term growth potential and performance expectations are being met [1] Historical Analysis of Technology Bull Markets - The article reviews past technology bull markets (2009-2010 consumer electronics, 2013-2015 gaming, and 2019-2021 lithium battery) to analyze the price performance characteristics during valuation expansion and profit-driven phases, providing a historical reference for the current AI industry chain [2][8] Valuation Expansion Phase Characteristics - During this phase, new technologies emerge without profit support, and industry and policy catalysts create imagination space, driving up valuations. Historical data shows that: - High levels of industry crowding are common, but short-term trading crowding does not affect the overall trend [3][15] - Risk premium effectively measures valuation boundaries, with significant reactions to positive news diminishing when the risk premium falls below a certain threshold [18] - High valuation ranges are sensitive to liquidity changes, with tightening liquidity potentially triggering adjustments [3][18] Profit-Driven Phase Characteristics - In this phase, exceeding profit expectations drives market performance, with historical examples showing: - The need to be cautious of competitive pressures and valuation constraints under endgame thinking [4][21] - Overcapitalization during profit upturns can lead to increased competition and excess capacity, negatively impacting profitability [22][25] Investment Recommendations - Overseas Computing Power: Currently in the profit-driven phase, with ROIC expected to continue rising until Q3 2025, and leading companies' valuations (PE-FY3) are reasonable at 20-30 times, indicating no bubble [5][26] - Domestic Computing Power: Significant long-term growth potential exists, with performance expectations being met and a systemic decline in risk-free rates acting as a catalyst for the next market phase [5][28] - AI Applications: Valuation is attractive, particularly in the internet and media sectors, although the timing and areas for breakout applications are uncertain [5][29]