PNAS：宋恩名/李锐团队开发无线自卷曲生物可吸收神经接口，精密神经修复

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of a self-wrapping, bioresorbable neural interface that addresses the challenges of peripheral nerve injury treatment through innovative design and functionality [2][17]. Group 1: Challenges in Current Treatments - Current clinical treatments for nerve injuries face challenges such as limited precision, long-term stability, and minimally invasive options due to individual differences and complex inflammatory responses [2]. - Traditional nerve interfaces rely on rigid devices or wired connections, which hinder their application in chronic nerve repair [2]. Group 2: Development of the SWB Neural Interface - Researchers from Fudan University and Dalian University of Technology proposed a self-wrapping bistable neural interface inspired by the design of "pop rings," which can adapt to different diameters of peripheral nerves [3]. - The device features a stress gradient-driven ultra-thin SiNx bilayer structure that transitions from a flat state to a three-dimensional curled structure, providing gentle and stable coverage of nerves [3][7]. Group 3: Functional Integration and Mechanism - The neural interface integrates a MXene photothermal layer and a drug-loaded module, enabling wireless near-infrared-triggered photothermal therapy combined with drug release for precise control over the nerve repair process [3][11]. - Systematic mechanical modeling and finite element simulations confirmed the reliability and biocompatibility of the device, demonstrating its effectiveness in a rat sciatic nerve injury model [3][14]. Group 4: Experimental Validation - In vivo experiments showed that the SWB neural interface significantly improved nerve function recovery in a rat model over a four-week intervention period, with the combination of drug release and photothermal stimulation yielding the best results [14]. - The study included control experiments to assess the effectiveness of different treatment modalities, confirming the superiority of the combined therapy approach [14]. Group 5: Biocompatibility and Absorbability - The SWB neural interface was designed with biocompatibility and biodegradability in mind, reducing the need for secondary surgeries due to material retention [16]. - Accelerated degradation tests and cytotoxicity assessments indicated that the materials used in the device are safe for cellular proliferation and survival [16]. Group 6: Conclusion and Future Implications - The research presents a novel neural interface that combines adaptive three-dimensional structures, bioresorbable properties, and wireless multimodal therapy capabilities, paving the way for precise treatment of localized peripheral nerve injuries [17].