表忠心！台积电：在美再建5座芯片厂！

Core Viewpoint - TSMC is significantly increasing its investment in the U.S., particularly in Arizona, where it plans to build at least five additional chip factories, nearly doubling its presence in the state [1][3]. Group 1: Investment Expansion - Since 2020, TSMC has established one factory in Arizona, with a second under construction expected to be operational by 2028. The company has previously committed to building four more factories, and now it has agreed to construct at least five additional ones [3]. - TSMC's total investment in the U.S. has escalated from an initial $65 billion to a total of $165 billion, which includes plans for three wafer fabs, two advanced packaging facilities, and a major R&D center [3]. - U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo has hinted that TSMC may further increase its investment beyond the current $165 billion, although specific amounts have not been disclosed [3]. Group 2: Profitability Challenges - TSMC's expansion in Arizona has led to significant profitability issues, with costs being substantially higher than local production in Taiwan, resulting in a nearly 87% reduction in gross margins [4]. - The high costs associated with the Arizona factories have caused TSMC to experience its largest quarterly profit decline ever, raising concerns about the sustainability of chip manufacturing outside Taiwan [4].