突发！美立法锁定远程 GPU 使用 无许可即成违法行为

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the passage of the Remote Access Security Act (H.R.2683) by the U.S. House of Representatives, aimed at modernizing the U.S. export control system to address vulnerabilities related to remote access of controlled technologies, particularly AI chips, by foreign entities [1][3]. Summary by Sections Legislative Overview - The Remote Access Security Act was passed with bipartisan support, receiving 369 votes in favor and 22 against, and it updates the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to include remote access to controlled technologies [1][2]. Definition and Scope - The act defines "remote access" as access to U.S. controlled items by foreign persons through network connections, including the internet or cloud computing services, from locations other than where the items are physically located [2][3]. Regulatory Implications - The act expands regulatory authority to include digital services, requiring compliance for activities such as cloud-based AI chip usage and remote computing training, thus shifting U.S. export controls from physical entities to digital behaviors [4][5]. Examples of Regulatory Scenarios - Foreign companies using U.S. controlled technologies via cloud services without government permission may be violating the law, even if the technology is not physically exported [5]. - U.S. cloud providers offering controlled computing resources to foreign clients without adhering to export control obligations may also face legal repercussions [6]. - Remote operation of controlled technologies by foreign individuals or companies, regardless of the physical location of the equipment, can be deemed illegal [7]. - Circumventing regulations through overseas subsidiaries or shell companies does not exempt foreign entities from compliance under the new law [8]. Conclusion - The Remote Access Security Act aims to clarify and tighten the boundaries of what constitutes illegal remote access to U.S. controlled technologies, emphasizing that the location of the technology is less relevant than who is using it and how [9].