每日债市速递 | 央行下调再贷款、再贴现利率

Monetary Policy Operations - The central bank conducted a 7-day reverse repurchase operation on January 15, with a fixed rate and a total amount of 179.3 billion yuan, at an interest rate of 1.40%, resulting in a net injection of 169.4 billion yuan after accounting for 9.9 billion yuan in reverse repos maturing on the same day [1]. Market Liquidity - The interbank market liquidity has improved significantly, with the weighted average interest rate of D R001 dropping over 2 basis points to around 1.36%. Overnight quotes in the anonymous click (X-repo) system also fell to 1.35%, indicating a slight increase in supply [3]. - The latest overnight financing guarantee rate in the U.S. stands at 3.65% [4]. Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The latest transaction rate for one-year interbank certificates of deposit among major banks is around 1.63%, showing a slight decline from the previous day [9]. Bond Market Overview - The yields on major interbank government bonds have mostly decreased, with specific yields for various maturities showing declines, such as the 1-year yield at 1.2425% (down 1.75 basis points) and the 10-year yield at 1.8540% (down 0.30 basis points) [11]. Central Bank Policies - The central bank has introduced a series of policies to support high-quality development of the real economy, including a 0.25 percentage point reduction in various structural monetary policy tool rates and an increase in the re-lending quota for agriculture and small enterprises by 500 billion yuan [15]. - The central bank's spokesperson indicated that there is still room for further reductions in reserve requirement ratios, with the current average at 6.3% [15]. Social Financing and Monetary Supply - Preliminary statistics show that the total social financing scale for 2025 reached 35.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.34 trillion yuan compared to the previous year, with RMB loans increasing by 16.27 trillion yuan and RMB deposits by 26.41 trillion yuan [16]. International Monetary Policy - The Bank of Korea maintained its key interest rate at 2.5%, aligning with market expectations, while expressing caution regarding exchange rate fluctuations and geopolitical risks [18]. Bond Market Events - The central bank reported a cumulative net injection of 6 trillion yuan in open market operations for 2025, including a net purchase of government bonds amounting to 120 billion yuan [21]. - The bond financing methods outside of loans accounted for over 50% of the increase in social financing scale, indicating significant progress in financial supply-side structural reforms [21].