国泰海通证券研究·2026-01-18 15:51Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the performance of the 30-year government bond, highlighting its unique position in the market characterized by high elasticity and liquidity, which has led to a "negative premium" situation [1][2]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - Since December 2025, the yield on the 10-year government bond has fluctuated, returning to 1.83%, while the 10-year policy bank bond increased from 1.90% to 1.96%, and the 30-year government bond surged from 2.19% to 2.30% [1]. - The high elasticity and liquidity of the 30-year and 10-year bonds make them preferred for flexible trading strategies, allowing for easier execution of hedging strategies [1][2]. Group 2: Strategic Insights - In a rising interest rate environment, the 30-year government bond faces directional trading challenges, but it is also a key instrument for various hedging strategies, including credit bonds and local government bonds [2]. - The borrowing and selling volume of the 30-year government bond has seen significant growth, with borrowing rates reaching 140-150 basis points [2]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The potential for the 30-year government bond yield spread to recover depends on three scenarios: a sharp rebound, stable interest rate expectations, and central bank interventions [3]. - The upcoming market conditions may favor strategies that involve holding high coupon, low elasticity, and low liquidity bonds, particularly around the Spring Festival [3].