Nature Metabolism：NAD+补充剂哪家强？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a study comparing the effectiveness of three NAD+ supplements: Nicotinamide (Nam), Nicotinamide Riboside (NR), and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN), highlighting that NR and NMN significantly increase NAD+ levels in humans, while Nam does not show a significant difference compared to a placebo [2][3][9]. Group 1: Study Overview - The study was conducted by Nestlé Health Science and published in Nature Metabolism, focusing on the differential impacts of the three NAD+ boosters on human circulatory NAD+ levels and microbial metabolism [2][3][9]. - A total of 65 healthy participants were randomly assigned to four groups, receiving either NR (1000mg), NMN (1000mg), Nam (500mg), or a placebo for 14 days [9]. Group 2: Results - NR and NMN resulted in a doubling of NAD+ levels in participants, with increases of 49.4μM and 43.1μM respectively, while the Nam group showed no significant difference compared to the placebo group [9]. - The study indicates that the effectiveness of NR and NMN is due to their conversion to nicotinic acid (NA) by gut microbiota, leading to a sustained increase in NAD+ levels [11][12]. Group 3: Mechanism of Action - NR and NMN require gut microbiota for their metabolism, which ensures a gradual and stable increase in NAD+ levels, while Nam is rapidly absorbed, leading to transient effects [11][12]. - The research also highlights that NR and NMN not only enhance NAD+ levels but also promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), suggesting dual health benefits [15]. Group 4: Implications for Supplementation - The findings suggest that NR and NMN are superior choices for NAD+ supplementation, emphasizing the need for long-term use to achieve stable effects [15]. - The study underscores the importance of gut microbiota in nutrient metabolism and suggests that personalized supplementation strategies for specific populations, such as the elderly or those with gut dysbiosis, warrant further exploration [15].