中国，为什么要让新能源车“减肥”？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing weight of electric vehicles (EVs), particularly SUVs, and the implications of this trend on the industry, safety, and resource utilization. It highlights the need for the industry to adopt measures to reduce vehicle weight in response to new energy consumption standards set by the government [4][9][47]. Group 1: Industry Trends - By 2025, China's production and sales of new energy vehicles (NEVs) are projected to reach 16.626 million and 16.49 million units, respectively, marking a year-on-year growth of 29% and 28.2%, maintaining the global lead for 11 consecutive years [4]. - The average weight of new energy vehicles is 20%-30% heavier than traditional fuel vehicles, with some models exceeding 3 tons [14][11]. - The implementation of national energy consumption standards is pressuring the industry to reduce vehicle weight [8][49]. Group 2: Causes of Increased Weight - The primary reason for the increased weight of EVs is the battery, with electric versions of vehicles like the BMW X3 weighing significantly more due to larger battery packs [17][15]. - The trend of "oil-to-electric" conversions has led to redundant weight as manufacturers retrofit existing fuel vehicle platforms with batteries, resulting in additional structural reinforcements [20][22]. - The growing number of features and configurations in EVs, such as larger interiors and added amenities, contributes to the overall weight increase [25][27]. Group 3: Negative Consequences - Heavier vehicles pose safety risks, as increased weight affects braking efficiency and can lead to greater wear on components [34][35]. - The additional weight results in higher energy consumption, creating a cycle where increased battery capacity leads to heavier vehicles and diminished returns on range improvements [39][40]. - The inefficient use of resources in battery production exacerbates environmental concerns, contradicting the eco-friendly principles of EVs [45][46]. Group 4: Regulatory Response - The new national standard for electric vehicle energy consumption, effective from January 1, 2026, aims to bind energy consumption limits to vehicle weight, making it more challenging for manufacturers to rely on simply adding battery capacity [47][48]. - This standard encourages a shift away from the "stacking batteries" approach, promoting a focus on weight reduction and efficiency [49]. Group 5: Solutions for Weight Reduction - Upgrading materials, such as using aluminum and composite materials, can significantly reduce vehicle weight while maintaining strength [55][56]. - Structural optimization through advanced manufacturing techniques, like large-scale die-casting, can streamline production and reduce weight [58]. - System integration strategies can minimize redundant components, effectively lowering overall vehicle weight without compromising performance or safety [60][66].