清华大学最新Nature：程功团队揭示蚊媒病毒感染蚊虫的分子密码

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the long-standing public health issue of why certain mosquito species can transmit specific viruses while others cannot, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms behind mosquito-virus interactions [4][5]. Group 1: Mosquito Species and Virus Transmission - There are over 3,500 known mosquito species, but fewer than 100 can transmit severe human infectious diseases such as dengue, Zika, and malaria [2]. - The main mosquito vectors are categorized into three types: Aedes, Culex, and Anopheles, with Aedes being the primary vector for tropical diseases [2][4]. - Culex mosquitoes are widespread in temperate regions but are ineffective in transmitting tropical viruses like dengue and Zika, limiting the spread of these diseases to tropical and subtropical areas [4]. Group 2: Scientific Questions and Research Findings - Two fundamental scientific questions remain: the biological basis of mosquito-virus interactions and the reasons behind the species-specific transmission of different viruses by various mosquito species [5]. - A study published in Nature by a team from Tsinghua University identified that the acidic environment of the blood lymph in certain mosquitoes allows for the specific interaction between the virus and mosquito proteins, leading to the formation of infectious extracellular vesicles [7][12]. - The research revealed that the interaction between mosquito VCP proteins and viral capsid proteins is crucial for determining the specificity of virus infection in mosquitoes, highlighting the importance of molecular compatibility in virus transmission [10][12].