捋一捋最近的光模块、CPO和NPO

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing debate between CPO (Co-Packaged Optics) and NPO (Near-Packaged Optics) technologies, highlighting their respective advantages and challenges in the optical module market [2][3]. Summary by Sections CPO and NPO Overview - CPO and NPO are two competing optical technologies, with CPO utilizing 3D packaging for integration, while NPO employs 2D packaging, allowing for easier maintenance and higher maturity [7]. - CPO's main drawbacks include low yield rates and maintenance issues, as failures in the optical engine require the entire switch to be replaced [4][5]. Technical Comparisons - A comparison table shows that CPO has a power consumption of approximately 10W, while NPO ranges from 10-15W, and traditional modules consume 20-30W. CPO also has lower loss (2-3dB) compared to NPO and traditional modules [5]. - CPO is theoretically cheaper, but practical challenges in yield and maintenance may affect its cost-effectiveness [5]. Industry Insights from Lumentum - Lumentum reported significant orders for high-performance laser systems supporting CPO applications, with expectations for substantial shipments by mid-2027 [9]. - The company anticipates a shift from copper to optical solutions for short-distance connections, with initial CPO shipments expected by the end of 2027 [9]. Market Reactions and Company Strategies - Following Lumentum's announcements, there was a notable market reaction, with companies like Xuchuang experiencing stock fluctuations and holding emergency calls to reassure stakeholders [10][11]. - Xuchuang emphasized that NPO remains the mainstream path forward, predicting strong demand for optical modules in 2027 and aiming to transition from a supplier to a full-stack optical connection solution provider [11]. Industry Attitudes Towards CPO and NPO - Major cloud service providers like Google favor NPO for its open ecosystem, while others like NVIDIA initially supported CPO but have shifted towards NPO as it matures [12]. - Chip manufacturers show varied stances, with some adapting to support both CPO and NPO based on market needs, indicating a coexistence of technologies in the future [12].