Nature Reviews Bioengineering | 香港中文大学任洪亮团队提出人工动觉框架，突破视觉依赖

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of an artificial kinaesthesia framework by a research team at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, aimed at overcoming the limitations of current surgical robots that heavily rely on visual data, thereby enhancing their tactile perception and adaptability in complex surgical environments [4][12]. Group 1: Artificial Kinaesthesia Framework - The proposed framework consists of three layers: physical perception, algorithm interpretation, and collaborative control, enabling robots to not only "see" but also "feel" and "understand" the physical interactions during surgery [5][11]. - The physical perception layer focuses on equipping surgical instruments with sensory capabilities, integrating proprioception and exteroception to replicate human-like tactile feedback [8][9]. - The algorithm interpretation layer aims to provide semantic meaning to the sensory data, allowing robots to process feedback in a two-tiered manner similar to human surgeons, distinguishing between reflexive adjustments and cognitive decision-making [10]. Group 2: Challenges and Solutions - The collaborative control layer seeks to create a closed-loop system that integrates physical perception and algorithm interpretation, enabling robots to execute tasks with greater flexibility and precision [11]. - The article emphasizes the need for a multi-modal model that combines visual, tactile, and linguistic information to enhance the robot's situational awareness and operational adaptability [11]. Group 3: Future Implications - The introduction of the artificial kinaesthesia framework signifies a shift from vision-dependent surgical robots to intelligent partners capable of multi-sensory collaboration, ultimately leading to safer and more precise minimally invasive treatments for patients [12][13].