2025总结与展望｜土地篇：供地结构持续优化，多城地价创新高

Core Viewpoint - The land market in China is undergoing a significant adjustment, with a focus on inventory reduction and optimization of land supply structures, leading to a cautious investment environment for real estate companies [2][30]. Group 1: Land Market Performance - In 2025, the total land transaction area in 300 cities decreased by 11% year-on-year, reaching approximately 10 billion square meters, marking the third consecutive year of declining transaction volume [3][4]. - The decline in land transaction area is slightly larger than that of new housing sales, indicating a continuous improvement in the supply-demand relationship within the industry [4]. - The average land transaction price increased, with the average premium rate rising to 5.3%, the highest in four years, driven by the sale of high-quality residential land [20][16]. Group 2: City-Level Analysis - The number of cities with land transaction areas exceeding 10 million square meters decreased by 40%, reflecting a proactive response to control land supply and reduce inventory [11]. - In first-tier cities, land transaction areas fell by an average of 28%, with Guangzhou experiencing the largest decline at 38% [6]. - Second-tier cities saw a significant narrowing of the decline to 2%, while third and fourth-tier cities experienced a 13% decrease in transaction area [9][8]. Group 3: Investment Trends - In 2025, the investment from the top 100 real estate companies showed signs of weak recovery, with total land acquisition value reaching 22,614 billion yuan, a 2% increase year-on-year [24][29]. - Central and state-owned enterprises dominated land acquisitions, accounting for over 50% of the total investment, while private enterprises showed signs of recovery with an 8% increase in land acquisition value [29][27]. - The overall land acquisition-to-sales ratio for the top 100 companies improved to 0.29, indicating a cautious return to investment levels seen in 2021 [27]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The land market is expected to stabilize further in 2026, with a focus on quality land supply and a balanced approach to new project launches [31][32]. - Investment in the real estate sector is likely to remain cautious, with a concentration on core cities and high-quality land, as companies navigate cash flow pressures and uncertain sales [34][35]. - The potential for asset-liability balance restoration in 2026 may provide structural opportunities for companies with strong resources and capabilities [34][35].