特朗普“对等关税”从外战转为内战

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the legal and administrative challenges faced by the Trump administration regarding tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), particularly following a Supreme Court ruling that deemed such tariffs illegal [1][3]. Group 1: Legal Developments - The U.S. Supreme Court ruled 6-3 that the president's imposition of "reciprocal tariffs" under IEEPA was unlawful, which has intensified Trump's anger, leading him to announce new tariffs starting at 10% and later increasing to 15% [3]. - FedEx became the first major company to file a lawsuit for full tax refunds following the Supreme Court's ruling, while Costco had already initiated legal action in November 2022 [4]. - Judge Richard Eaton of the U.S. Court of International Trade stated he would be the sole judge to hear refund cases, indicating that the outcome could open channels for importers to seek refunds [6]. Group 2: Administrative Challenges - The Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has rejected urgent "Post-Entry Amendments" submitted by companies seeking refunds, and has suspended refund claims for settled IEEPA tariffs [5]. - CBP defended its current administrative measures in court, stating that the termination of IEEPA tariff settlements is unprecedented and that a new online refund application system is being developed [5]. - The confusion surrounding the refund process is largely attributed to the Supreme Court's decision, which left the issue of refunds unresolved and transferred the legal complexities to the Court of International Trade [5][6]. Group 3: Economic Implications - The uncertainty regarding the refund process has led to concerns among businesses about the potential for delays in receiving refunds, with estimates suggesting that the process could take weeks, months, or even years [3][4]. - Conservative economists have indicated that the government may not take an active role in the refund process, suggesting that businesses may need to negotiate among themselves [3].