宏观视角看算力：政策、格局、投资

Policy: Top-Level Design and Spatial Layout of Computing Power - The strategic position of computing power has been elevated from the "14th Five-Year Plan" to the "15th Five-Year Plan," with computing power first included in the new infrastructure system in 2020 [3][10] - The "East Data West Computing" project was fully launched in 2022, establishing 10 national data center clusters across eight national hub nodes [3][10] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" has classified computing power infrastructure as a major engineering project for the first time, highlighting its importance [12] Regional Layout: Strengthening Rigid Constraints and Focusing on "East Data West Computing" - Since the mid-point of the "14th Five-Year Plan," national policy has shifted from expanding cluster boundaries to enforcing rigid planning constraints, requiring computing resources to concentrate on hub nodes [4][15] - In 2023, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) tightened restrictions, stating that no new large or super-large data centers should be built outside national hub nodes [4][15] New Proposals: Central Ideas and Local Initiatives - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the construction of super-large intelligent computing clusters, with local governments initiating preliminary explorations concentrated in hub nodes [5][17] - The government work report introduced "computing power and electricity coordination" as a new infrastructure project, with pilot projects primarily in western provinces rich in clean energy [5][20] Domestic and International Landscape: Explosive Growth of Intelligent Computing Power - The intelligent computing power system in China is dominated by intelligent computing, accounting for over 90% of the total [6][27] - By 2025, China's intelligent computing power is expected to grow by 119% year-on-year, significantly exceeding IDC's expectations [6][27] - Internationally, as of last year, the U.S. accounted for 75% of global intelligent computing power, while China held about 15%, indicating substantial growth potential for China [6][30] Investment: Three Main Entities in Computing Power Investment - Local governments in eight sample provinces are projected to achieve a 44% year-on-year growth in planned computing power scale by 2026 [7][33] - Major telecom operators are maintaining stable computing power investment despite a decline in overall capital expenditure [7][35] - Technology giants like Alibaba and Tencent are expected to continue increasing their investment in computing power [7]