中国—东盟自贸区(ACFTA)

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国际观察: 美国对东南亚国家滥施关税既不道德也难奏效
人民网-国际频道 原创稿· 2025-04-29 05:30
Group 1 - The U.S. government's imposition of tariffs has severely impacted Southeast Asian economies, undermining U.S. credibility in the Asia-Pacific region and forcing these countries to rethink their economic development models [1][2] - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has downgraded the global growth forecast for 2025 by 0.5 percentage points to 2.8%, warning that the full implementation of new U.S. tariffs could further drag down the global economy [1] - Southeast Asian countries, particularly Thailand and Indonesia, are expected to experience significant declines in export and GDP growth due to U.S. tariffs, with estimates suggesting a reduction of up to 2.5 percentage points in Vietnam's economic growth [1][2] Group 2 - The U.S. government's approach to trade balance calculations overlooks the realities of developing countries, which struggle with limited purchasing power and cannot afford to import high-priced U.S. goods [2] - The imposition of high tariffs on the world's poorest countries contradicts trade fairness principles and exacerbates the challenges faced by these economies [2] - Southeast Asian nations are likely to strengthen their economic ties with China as a response to U.S. tariffs, potentially leading to the establishment of regional supply chains to mitigate the impact of U.S. pressure [3] Group 3 - Southeast Asian countries are emphasizing the importance of multilateralism and fair trade principles, actively seeking to enhance trade relations with countries outside the U.S. and exploring internal demand within ASEAN and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) framework [3] - The negotiations for the upgraded version of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (ACFTA) have substantially concluded, focusing on cooperation in emerging fields such as digital economy and green economy [3] - The combination of RCEP and ACFTA policies is expected to create new opportunities for industrial and supply chain cooperation among China and ASEAN countries, allowing Southeast Asia to transform the tariff crisis into a chance for economic restructuring [3]