2025.06. 20 本文字数：2740，阅读时长大约5分钟 作者 | 第一财经 马晓华 6月18日，国家卫生健康委科技教育司就《新发突发与重大传染病防控国家科技重大专项2025年度项目 申报指南》向社会公开征求意见和建议结束。 通常而言，在重大专项面向社会征集意见之后，会经历进一步的研讨与判定流程，随后大多数项目便会确 定并正式启动。这意味着，一项关乎中国新发突发与重大传染性疾病防控战略需求、涵盖九项关键任务的 重大专项即将启动。 一位传染病领域的权威专家透露："此次重大专项的启动，是中国对未知传染病威胁的一次前瞻性布局。" 9大任务提升传染病防控能力 历经Sars和新冠疫情的严峻考验后，人类对未知传染病的重视程度被提升到了前所未有的高度。世界卫生 组织（WHO）曾就"X疾病"暴发的可能性发出公开警告，直言下一次大流行病暴发"并非是否会发生的问 题，而是什么时候发生的问题"，并呼吁全球各国为应对"X疾病"做好充分准备。 在此背景下，《新发突发与重大传染病防控国家科技重大专项》（下称"重大专项"）应运而生，它聚焦新 发突发传染病和重大传染病防控两大关键方向，重点部署了包括未知传染病风险预测、新发突发传染病监 ...

Core Viewpoint - The launch of the "National Major Science and Technology Project for the Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases" signifies China's proactive approach to address the threats posed by unknown infectious diseases, focusing on nine key tasks to enhance disease prevention and control capabilities [1][2]. Group 1: Key Tasks of the Major Project - The project encompasses nine critical tasks, including risk prediction for unknown infectious diseases, monitoring and early warning systems, population control and clinical treatment, prevention and diagnostic products, applied basic research, and decision-making demonstration applications [2][3]. - Six out of the nine tasks specifically target emerging infectious diseases, with a strong emphasis on strengthening the early warning network and enhancing its capabilities [2][3]. Group 2: Funding and Implementation - For the 2025 fiscal year, the project is allocated a national budget of 2.896 billion yuan, reflecting the government's strong commitment to infectious disease prevention and control [3]. - The implementation of the project will follow a phased approach of "3 years + 3 years + 5 years," with clear milestones for each phase to ensure accountability and progress [2]. Group 3: Monitoring and Early Warning Mechanisms - The project aims to establish a sustainable sewage monitoring network to facilitate rapid detection and response to infectious disease threats [3]. - Experts emphasize the importance of a robust early warning mechanism, particularly in identifying and responding to potential outbreaks of highly infectious diseases [4][5]. Group 4: Challenges and Considerations - Current challenges in pre-outbreak warning methods highlight the need for effective post-outbreak response strategies, as there are no proven pre-warning methods for emerging infectious diseases [5][6]. - The proposed early warning mechanism focuses on monitoring unusual death cases, particularly among healthcare workers, as a critical signal for potential outbreaks [6][7].