Core Insights - A new engineering study published in the journal "Nature" presents a small solar-powered floating device that could support instruments in the upper atmosphere, with significant potential applications in space weather monitoring and Mars exploration [1][2] Group 1: Technology and Innovation - The study introduces photophoresis, a principle where particles suspended in gas or liquid are propelled by light heating, which has been known for over a century but is only recently being explored for practical applications [1] - Researchers from Harvard University designed a novel flying structure made of two thin, porous membranes connected by tiny vertical supports, optimizing photophoresis through computer modeling and laboratory experiments [1] - A 1 cm wide disk was created that can float under sunlight conditions similar to those found at high altitudes, with a proposed 3 cm version capable of carrying a 10 mg payload at 75 km altitude [1] Group 2: Applications and Future Prospects - The research highlights the potential of photophoretic flight as a tool for monitoring Earth's atmosphere and exploring other planets, particularly Mars [2] - Current Mars transportation costs exceed $100,000 per kilogram, while the photophoresis device offers significant advantages in size, weight, and power consumption for sensor and communication tasks [2] - Future designs of photophoretic vehicles may include navigation systems, increased payload capacity, and longer operational durations for larger-scale missions [2]