Group 1 - The core issue in Turkey's livestock industry is a significant shortage of shepherds, despite high salaries reaching 100,000 lira (approximately 20,000 to 30,000 RMB) per month, which has not attracted workers [2][8][12] - Rising costs of feed and other operational expenses are putting immense pressure on traditional livestock farmers, leading to a surge in meat prices, with red meat prices increasing by at least 30% compared to last year [15] - The traditional shepherding lifestyle is becoming increasingly isolated and unattractive, with young people reluctant to take on the profession due to the loneliness and separation from family [10][12] Group 2 - The high cost of feed is a major concern, with a single cow consuming about 10 kilograms of feed daily, resulting in monthly feed costs of around 40,000 lira (approximately 8,000 RMB) for a farm [13] - Farmers are facing escalating costs for medication, electricity, diesel, and labor, making it difficult to sustain their operations, leading to the closure of several farms in the area [15] - To address the shortage of shepherds, Turkey plans to allow farms to hire foreign shepherds starting in 2025, with some already employing Syrian shepherds [12]