田螺科是具有接近全球性分布的常见大型淡水螺类，起源于中侏罗纪，在世界各地都存在着丰富的 化石记录，而中国的华南和西南地区及东南亚的中南半岛是田螺科现生物种多样性最高的区域之一。 论文第一作者、中国科学院昆明动物研究所助理研究员张乐嘉介绍，李四光娅田螺此前仅以化石形 态被发现于桂林城区的洞穴第四纪沉积中，近百年来一直被认为是灭绝物种，且无任何原始描述之外的 报道。课题组去年底在离桂林城区不远的一条河流中发现了该物种的一个极小现生种群，其贝壳形态与 李四光娅田螺化石的模式标本完全一致，并包括了其模式产地洞穴中所有变化型。基于多基因的分子系 统树显示，所有变化型均为李四光娅田螺。分子系统发育树和形态解剖学特征均支持新属娅田螺的有效 性，其姐妹群为云南高原湖泊中特有的理田螺属。 该研究得到了云南省科技厅建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项和中国科学院东南亚生物多样性 研究中心资助项目的支持。（记者严勇） 中国科学院昆明动物研究所东南亚野生动物多样性课题组近日在广西桂林发现了消失近百年的田螺 科物种——李四光田螺的现生种群。形态学和分子系统学研究均表明该种应归入一新属娅田螺，即李四 光娅田螺。国际期刊《动物学报》10月2 ...

Core Insights - A collaborative research team from Nanchang University and the Kunming Institute of Zoology has systematically studied the gastropod species in Fuxian Lake, resulting in the description of a new genus, Yuanan, which includes four new species endemic to Fuxian Lake, along with four new species under the genus Kunming [1][3][4] Summary by Sections New Species and Genus Identification - The research identified one new genus, Yuanan, and eight new species, which are the Silver Spoon Yuanan, Big Pool Yuanan, Ice Glutinous Yuanan, and Yu Yuan Yuanan under the new genus, as well as the Glass Kunming, Iron Hammer Kunming, Pearl Kunming, and Flowing Fire Kunming under the Kunming genus [3] Morphological and Molecular Evidence - The validity of the new genus and species descriptions is supported by morphological evidence based on shell morphology, micro-sculpture of the shell, and radula structure, along with molecular phylogenetic trees and automated species recognition algorithms that align with morphological studies [3] Evolutionary Insights - Molecular systematics and molecular clock studies indicate that the Yuanan genus diverged from the Kunming genus approximately 13 million years ago, with the Kunming genus having two evolutionary branches, one of which is endemic to Fuxian Lake [3] Biodiversity and Historical Context - The study highlights the high freshwater biodiversity and endemism of Fuxian Lake, increasing the known freshwater mollusk species to 41, and suggests that the lake's formation may date back earlier than previously estimated, challenging earlier geological assessments [4]