Core Insights - Beijing has been conducting ecosystem service value accounting for five consecutive years, aiming to transform invisible ecological values into strong momentum for green development [1][2]. Group 1: Ecosystem Product Value Accounting - The Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) represents the total monetary value of all ecosystem products within a specific area during the accounting period, including material supply, regulatory services, and cultural services [2]. - The value of ecosystem regulatory services (GEP-R) includes benefits provided by ecosystems to maintain or improve the human living environment, such as water conservation, climate regulation, air purification, water quality improvement, flood regulation, and carbon fixation [2]. Group 2: Establishment of a Unique Accounting System - Beijing has developed a unique accounting system for GEP-R, ensuring comprehensive accounting that reflects integrated ecological protection [3]. - The city has implemented local standards for ecosystem classification mapping, utilizing satellite remote sensing and field surveys to create a comprehensive ecological map, supporting detailed GEP-R accounting [3]. - Local parameterization has been conducted for five years to ensure that accounting results accurately reflect Beijing's ecological characteristics, such as measuring vegetation evapotranspiration coefficients and rainfall runoff coefficients [3]. Group 3: Innovative Methods and Applications - Innovative concepts like comparable GEP-R and per unit area GEP-R have been introduced to address compensation assessment issues, allowing for quantifiable and comparable ecological protection efforts [3]. - The GEP-R accounting results are analyzed to guide districts in formulating targeted measures to reduce ecosystem disturbances, expand green spaces, and enhance ecosystem quality, promoting a virtuous cycle [4]. Group 4: Future Directions - Beijing aims to continue enhancing urban ecological quality while supporting high-quality development, striving for a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [4].