Core Insights - The research confirms the existence of prehistoric matrilineal clans in the Dawenkou culture, based on high-resolution ancient DNA analysis, marking a significant breakthrough in understanding early human social structures [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study utilized ancient DNA sequencing techniques to analyze burial sites at the Fujia site, revealing a strong correlation between burial zones and maternal genetic traits [2]. - All individuals from the northern burial area belonged to the mtDNA haplogroup M8a3, showing complete consistency in mitochondrial DNA sequences, while 95.65% of individuals from the southern area belonged to haplogroup D5b1b, also exhibiting identical mtDNA characteristics [2]. - The findings suggest that the two burial areas originated from distinct maternal ancestors, indicating a matrilineal social structure characterized by low maternal genetic diversity and high paternal genetic diversity [2]. Group 2: Implications for Academic Research - This research establishes the first systematic genetic model of a Neolithic matrilineal society, contributing significantly to the global academic discourse on human civilization [3].