Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China's socialist economic system and outlines the need for deepening reforms to enhance their competitiveness and functionality in supporting national modernization efforts [1][2]. Group 1: Reform and Development of SOEs - SOEs play a crucial role in key industries related to national security and the economy, contributing to employment, public services, and industrial upgrades [1]. - Despite progress in SOE reforms since the 18th National Congress, challenges remain, including incomplete modern enterprise systems and the need for deeper innovation and transformation [2]. - Improving the modern enterprise system is essential for enhancing management levels and market competitiveness of SOEs [3]. Group 2: Governance and Management - The governance structure of SOEs needs optimization to clarify responsibilities and improve efficiency, with a focus on integrating party leadership into corporate governance [4]. - Establishing a flexible and efficient market-oriented operation mechanism is necessary to enhance decision-making speed and adaptability in emerging industries [4]. - A robust supervision and management mechanism should be developed to improve regulatory effectiveness and ensure accountability [4]. Group 3: Strategic Focus and Resource Allocation - The strategic direction for SOEs should prioritize sectors critical to national security and public welfare, optimizing the allocation of state capital [5][6]. - SOEs should focus on enhancing core competitiveness and efficiency in capital allocation to support the modernization of the industrial system [5][6]. - The implementation of strategic restructuring and professional integration is vital for advancing innovation and upgrading industrial structures [6]. Group 4: Technological Innovation - SOEs are positioned as key players in technological innovation, with significant resources to support national research and development initiatives [8]. - Enhancing the innovation capabilities of SOEs is crucial for optimizing the national innovation system and achieving technological self-sufficiency [9]. - Collaboration between SOEs and private enterprises is encouraged to foster a conducive innovation ecosystem and improve the flow of innovative resources [9].