Planetary Science & Climate Change - Earth's uniqueness lies in the presence of liquid water, though not necessarily in large quantities, distinguishing it from Mars and Venus [1] - Past Mars and Venus potentially had abundant liquid water, evidenced by deuterium-to-hydrogen ratios analyzed using telescopes like the Subaru Telescope [1] - Research indicates Mars had an ocean approximately 100 meters deep around 4 billion years ago [1] - Studies using data from the ExoMars orbiter reveal short-term fluctuations in water vapor distribution on Mars, potentially impacting climate change [1] Space Exploration & Future Prospects - Astronomers are actively searching for Earth-like planets beyond our solar system, with high-precision space telescopes planned for launch in the 2040s [1] - While discovering a second Earth through spectral analysis is anticipated, immediate travel remains challenging, making Mars a primary target for human exploration [2] - The Artemis program aims to send humans to Mars, necessitating detailed climate and weather investigations [2] - Despite proposals to terraform Mars by increasing greenhouse gases, current technology faces limitations due to insufficient carbon dioxide and water resources [3] Earth's Climate & Responsibility - The Earth is facing challenges in preventing even slight increases in atmospheric temperature, leading to abnormal weather and climate change [3] - The industry emphasizes the importance of individual curiosity and interest in science and engineering to shape the future and address climate challenges [3]