Core Insights - A new method developed by medical experts in Shanghai allows for precise, non-invasive diagnosis of diabetic cataracts using only 10 nanoliters of tear fluid within 30 seconds [1][2] - The research highlights the unique metabolic reprogramming patterns associated with diabetic cataracts, linking surface and internal eye conditions [1] Group 1: Diagnostic Methodology - The research team created a high-performance Nano-particle Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (NELDI-MS) platform, enhancing the signal response of metabolites by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude [2] - The NELDI-MS method achieves high throughput (less than 30 seconds per sample), high sensitivity (detection limit as low as 0.1 ng), and high reproducibility, meeting the demands for trace tear fluid metabolic analysis [2] Group 2: Mechanism Exploration - The team discovered that reduced levels of 1,5-anhydroglucitol may play a significant role in the development of diabetic cataracts [2] - A diagnostic model was constructed using machine learning, which includes only three key metabolic features and performed excellently in validation cohorts [2] Group 3: Future Implications - The NELDI-MS method is expected to be transformed into a routine screening tool for ophthalmology clinics, providing strong technical support for early diagnosis, risk warning, and personalized treatment of diabetic cataracts [2]