Group 1 - The "Weihe Basin Deep Drilling Project" is part of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) and aims to conduct environmental drilling to study the co-evolution of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, potentially revealing the evolution of East Asian climate and environmental changes during the Cenozoic era [1][2] - The project is a collaboration initiated by Chinese Academy of Sciences Academician An Zhisheng and international scientists, aligning with China's "Three Deep" strategy and supported by multiple national and international funding bodies [2] - The Weihe Basin is strategically located between the Loess Plateau and the Qinling mountain range, making it sensitive to East Asian monsoon climate changes and providing a unique terrestrial record for studying climate history [2][3] Group 2 - The project is divided into two phases, with the first phase focusing on obtaining 3,000 meters of sedimentary strata to reconstruct East Asia's multi-scale hydrological climate variability since the Late Miocene [3] - The second phase aims to acquire over 10,000 meters of complete sedimentary records to reveal the evolution of monsoons and their coupling with the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and Qinling Mountains, while also assessing the potential of geothermal and helium resources [3]