Group 1 - The core finding of the research indicates that organic molecules detected in the plumes of Europa may not originate from its subsurface ocean but rather from chemical reactions driven by Saturn's radiation acting on the ice layer on the moon's surface [1][2] - The study published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science highlights the ongoing debate regarding the origin of organic molecules on Europa and its implications for assessing the moon's potential to support life [1][2] - Previous assumptions that the detected organic molecules, including hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, and complex organic macromolecules, were strong evidence for a habitable environment in Europa's subsurface ocean are now being challenged [1][2] Group 2 - The research team utilized facilities at the Hungarian HUN-REN Nuclear Research Institute to simulate the surface and crack wall ice environment of Europa, revealing that radiation interactions with ice can produce a variety of molecules, including amino acid precursors [2] - The findings suggest that the so-called life precursor molecules may form in situ on the surface due to radiation effects, rather than solely originating from the subsurface ocean [2] - The European Space Agency is considering a dedicated mission to Europa as part of its "Voyage 2050" science program, which could provide crucial data to distinguish between organic materials from the subsurface ocean and those generated by surface radiation interactions [2]