Core Points - Mexico's agriculture department reported a new case of cattle infected with screw-worm larvae, marking the second confirmed case in recent times [1][3] - The infected cattle were intercepted during transport to Nuevo León state, which borders Texas, USA [1] - The Mexican government has implemented guidelines for livestock transport, requiring the use of insecticides 72 hours prior to transport [3] Summary by Sections Recent Cases - The recent case of screw-worm larvae infection was found in Nuevo León, with the first case reported on September 21 in Sabinas Hidalgo [3] - Both cases are located in Nuevo León, but the government stated that they are not related [3] Impact on Trade - Due to concerns over screw-worm larvae infections, the U.S. suspended imports of live cattle from Mexico starting May 11, with a brief resumption in July before halting again due to new cases [3] - If the import ban remains until the end of the year, the Mexican livestock industry could face losses of up to $400 million [3] Disease Background - Screw-worm disease is caused by larvae of the screw-worm fly, which feed on the tissues of warm-blooded animals, potentially leading to severe health issues or death [4] - The disease has historically affected U.S. livestock until eradication efforts in the 1960s and 1970s [4] - There have been no confirmed cases of screw-worm infection in U.S. animals this year, but the spread in Central America and Mexico raises concerns among U.S. livestock producers [4]

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of a New World screw-worm case in Nuevo León, Mexico, poses significant risks to the livestock industry in both Mexico and the United States due to its proximity to the border [1][1]. Group 1: Disease Outbreak - A case of New World screw-worm was confirmed in the Sabinas Hidalgo area of Nuevo León, Mexico, approximately 113 kilometers from the U.S. border [1][1]. - The affected animal was an 8-month-old calf that had been moved from a high-incidence area in southern Mexico to a farm in Nuevo León [1][1]. - The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) stated that this is the first detection of the disease in the closest area to the U.S. since the outbreak began in Mexico [1][1]. Group 2: Impact on Livestock Industry - The outbreak is expected to have a significant impact on the U.S. livestock industry, prompting the USDA to analyze all new information related to the recent case in Nuevo León [1][1]. - Following the outbreak, the U.S. had previously closed its livestock import channels from Mexico, which included cattle, bison, and horses, due to the disease's spread [1][1]. - The USDA may consider releasing sterile flies in the area to prevent further spread of the disease [1][1]. Group 3: Nature of the Disease - The New World screw-worm is a parasitic fly that can enter animals through open wounds and feed on their living tissue [1][1]. - While primarily affecting livestock, the screw-worm can also infect humans [1][1].

Core Point - The first human case of myiasis caused by screw-worm larvae has been confirmed in Maryland, USA, linked to travel from Guatemala [1] Group 1: Disease Overview - Myiasis is caused by the larvae of the screw-worm fly, which lays eggs in open wounds of warm-blooded animals, including humans [1] - The larvae hatch within hours and feed on living tissue, potentially leading to severe illness or death [1] - Myiasis is devastating to cattle and wildlife, with rare human infections that can also be fatal [1] Group 2: Spread and Impact - Since late last year, myiasis has been spreading from Central America and southern Mexico to the north [1] - The United States has previously suspended imports of live livestock from Mexico due to concerns over the spread of myiasis, including cattle, bison, and horses [1]