Group 1 - The conjunction of Saturn and Neptune is set to occur on August 6, 2023, allowing the public to observe this event in the southeastern sky if the weather permits [1][4] - The term "conjunction" refers to the phenomenon where two celestial bodies have the same ecliptic longitude from the perspective of Earth, appearing very close together in the sky [4][5] - The recent conjunction follows a previous one on June 29, 2023, due to Saturn and Neptune's nearly synchronous movement in the constellation Pisces [4][6] Group 2 - The angular distance between Saturn and Neptune during this conjunction is approximately 1 degree, comparable to the width of two full moons [6] - At the time of conjunction, Saturn's brightness is about magnitude 0.8, making it relatively bright, while Neptune's brightness is around magnitude 7.8, rendering it invisible to the naked eye [6] - The transition of Saturn from direct motion to retrograde motion indicates that the observational conditions for Saturn are improving as it approaches its opposition on September 21, 2023 [8] Group 3 - This conjunction provides an opportunity for amateur astronomers to locate Neptune using small telescopes, especially during clear nights in early August [9]

新华社天津8月4日电（记者周润健）8月6日，土星与海王星相合，上演"星星相吸"。届时如果天气 晴好，我国感兴趣的公众可在当晚朝东南方天空观测。 "土星由顺行转为逆行，标志着今年的土星'大戏'正在慢慢进入高潮。随着9月21日的土星冲日越来 越近，土星的观测条件渐入佳境，不仅亮度逐渐增加，可观赏时间也逐渐变长。"修立鹏说。 相较于6月29日那次相合，实际上8月初前后土星与海王星的角距离变化不大，在1度左右，相当于 两个满月的宽度。本次相合时，土星的亮度约0.8等，比较明亮，而海王星的亮度约7.8等，肉眼不可 见，二者的亮度相差还是比较悬殊的。 "本次相合，以土星为参照，使用小型天文望远镜就可以很方便地找到海王星。8月初这段时间，喜 欢天文摄影的朋友可以选择一个晴夜，找一个东南方空旷、视野开阔、无光污染的场地，试着将它们同 框拍下来。"修立鹏说。 中国天文学会会员、天文科普专家修立鹏解释说，这是因为这段时间土星与海王星一直在双鱼座中 几乎同步运行，土星留后由顺行转为逆行，"回头"再次与海王星相遇。 行星视运动分为三种：顺行、逆行、留。顺行时，行星在天球上的运动方向为自西向东，与太阳在 天球上的周年视运动方向一致。逆 ...