Core Viewpoint - Metabolomics research focuses on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of endogenous small molecules in biological systems, with mass spectrometry emerging as a core technology due to its high sensitivity, high resolution, and strong structural analysis capabilities [1][2]. Group 1: Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry - Metabolomics aims to provide insights into the current state of biological processes by analyzing metabolites, which are closer to real-time biological activity compared to genes and proteins [1]. - Mass spectrometry, when combined with separation techniques like liquid chromatography, can detect hundreds to thousands of metabolites in complex biological samples, creating metabolic profiles [1][2]. - The typical workflow of mass spectrometry metabolomics includes five key steps: biological sample collection, quenching and extraction, chromatographic separation, mass spectrometric analysis, and data processing/metabolite identification [2]. Group 2: Challenges in Metabolomics - Establishing a stable and reliable technical chain in metabolomics remains a challenge for new researchers, particularly in ensuring extraction efficiency and reproducibility in complex matrices or trace metabolite analysis [2]. - There are ongoing concerns regarding sensitivity improvements through instrument upgrades or new technologies in the face of minute detection and interference [2]. - The development of metabolite databases and analytical techniques is crucial to manage the vast amounts of data generated in metabolomics studies [2].