Core Insights - The research conducted by the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences provides detailed observations of a rare C9.3-class white-light solar flare and its impact on the photosphere, challenging traditional mechanisms of white-light flare generation and supporting the role of Alfven waves as an energy transfer mechanism [1][4][5] Group 1: Solar Flare Observations - A C9.3-class white-light flare occurred on September 11, 2023, in NOAA active region 13431, exhibiting clear white-light enhancement despite its lower energy level compared to typical M or X-class flares [4] - Advanced solar observation systems, including the Chinese 1-meter New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), ASO-S satellite, and CHASE satellite, were utilized to capture the fine evolution of this flare [4] Group 2: Energy Transfer Mechanisms - Observations in the TiO band revealed significant white-light enhancement, characterized by two white-light cores and filament-like brightening structures, indicating contributions from deeper layers of the photosphere [4] - The presence of sudden photospheric vortex motions and a sharp increase in magnetic field strength suggest that the energy released by the flare may be rapidly transmitted to the photosphere via Alfven wave pulses [4][5] Group 3: Theoretical Implications - The study supports the "Alfven wave + electron beam synergy" theoretical model, estimating that the energy transmitted by Alfven waves could reach up to 10^30 erg, which can simultaneously accelerate non-thermal electrons and enhance the photospheric magnetic field [5] - The observed time delays in flare signals across different wavelengths (304Å, Hα, and TiO) align with the time scales required for Alfven wave propagation, further validating the proposed energy transfer mechanisms [5] Group 4: Broader Impact - This research expands the understanding of the conditions under which C-class solar flares can trigger observable white-light radiation, providing a solid observational foundation for future models of solar flare energy transfer [5] - The findings also highlight the capabilities of China's independent solar observation equipment in multi-band and high temporal-spatial resolution studies [5]