Core Viewpoint - The article highlights significant innovations and advancements in the field of photonic integrated chips by the Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, particularly in 2024, showcasing their contributions to basic research and technology development in quantum communication and optical interconnects [1][2]. Group 1: Photonic Integrated Chips - The Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics has made notable progress in the field of integrated optical frequency combs, collaborating with teams from the University of Science and Technology of China and the National University of Defense Technology to achieve a "fully identical" microcavity soliton optical frequency comb with 50 channels meeting the ITU frequency spacing standard of 50GHz, laying the groundwork for scalable quantum communication systems [2]. - The research results were published in *Science Advances* and were featured as a highlight of the issue [3]. Group 2: Silicon-based Optical Interconnects - The research team successfully developed the world's first single-port silicon-based optical interconnect chip with a rate of 2Tbps and a bandwidth density of 4Tbps/mm, marking a significant enhancement in interconnect capabilities and providing a domestic solution for applications in artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, and data centers [5]. - This chip integrates high-performance micro-ring modulators and avalanche photodetectors, overcoming common challenges of high bandwidth, low power consumption, and high reliability [7]. - The development process involved a complete technical chain from theoretical modeling to chip integration, significantly improving device performance and enabling effective support for enhanced computing power in AI applications [7]. Group 3: Metasurface Chips - A generalized theory for polarization optical phase control of metasurfaces was proposed, expanding the theoretical boundaries of polarization control and leading to the development of a quantum state tomography polarization multiplexing metasurface chip [8]. - The research team collaborated with Nanjing University to create a framework that allows independent control of arbitrary polarization states across multiple channels, opening new avenues for multifunctional photonic device development [8]. - Additionally, a metasurface capable of generalized measurement of quantum states was designed, which simplifies the experimental complexity of multi-photon entanglement measurement and enhances the efficiency of quantum state reconstruction [11].