Core Insights - A breakthrough method developed by the Korea Institute of Basic Science enables the production of millimeter-sized, mirror-smooth graphite films, with grain sizes approximately 10,000 times larger than traditional artificial graphite, approaching the theoretical limits of single-crystal graphite [1][2] - The mechanical testing results show that the Young's modulus of the graphite film reaches 969 gigapascals, tensile strength is 1.29 gigapascals, planar thermal conductivity is as high as 2034 watts per meter per Kelvin, exceeding that of copper, and electrical conductivity is 22,500 siemens per centimeter, setting new performance records for macroscopic artificial graphite [1] Industry Applications - The high-quality graphite produced is expected to advance applications in thermal management, electronic devices, and advanced batteries, addressing the limitations of traditional high-temperature processing methods that yield smaller grain sizes and lower density [1] - The new process allows for ultra-fast growth at a rate of 6.2 layers per second, over 20 times faster than traditional methods, making it suitable for large-scale production [2] - The ability to pre-etch patterns on metal foil surfaces enables the customization of graphite films into complex shapes, providing new possibilities for tailored device manufacturing and practical applications [2] Material Properties - The innovative "porous substrate" strategy significantly reduces the interaction between graphite and metal surfaces, effectively eliminating interface stress during cooling, which prevents the formation of wrinkles or twists in the film [1] - This new graphite film can be precisely controlled in terms of shape, thickness, and purity, marking a significant leap in material design and performance compared to rare natural graphite crystals [2]