Central Banks' Gold Purchases - Central banks purchased a net 53 tonnes of gold in October 2025, marking a 36% month-over-month increase and the highest monthly total of the year [1][2] - Year-to-date through October, central banks acquired 254 tonnes of gold, making 2025 the fourth-highest year for gold accumulation this century, indicating concerns about economic stability and currency diversification [2][3] Leading Countries in Gold Accumulation - The National Bank of Poland led the purchases with 16 tonnes in October, raising its reserves to a record 531 tonnes, which constitutes about 26% of its total foreign exchange reserves [3] - Brazil also bought 16 tonnes, while Uzbekistan added 9 tonnes and Indonesia acquired 4 tonnes; other countries like Turkey, the Czech Republic, and the Kyrgyz Republic expanded their holdings by 2 to 3 tonnes each [3] Future Expectations and Trends - 95% of surveyed central banks expect their reserves to increase next year, with Serbia planning to nearly double its gold reserves to 100 tonnes by 2030, and Madagascar and South Korea considering similar expansions [4] - The sustained demand for gold persists despite high prices, underscoring its strategic importance during uncertain economic times [4] Digital Asset Diversification - The trend of diversifying reserves is extending to digital assets, with Bitcoin being considered as a potential complement to gold [5] - In the United States, Senator Cynthia Lummis indicated that funding for the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve could commence anytime, following President Trump's executive order designating Bitcoin as a national reserve asset [6]