Dietary Habits and Health - Many Filipinos are trying to eat healthier by reducing carb intake, but often end up consuming more fat and calories with insufficient fiber [2] - Experts have observed that many Filipinos are consuming a "modern diet" high in chicken, pork, beef, fish, seafood, eggs, and processed meats, which is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and heart diseases [3] - Diet culture promotes a belief system that glorifies thinness and a specific body ideal, often at the expense of overall well-being, and labels food as good or bad, leading to unnecessary restrictions [7][8] Gut Microbiome and its Impact - The gut microbiome, composed of trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, supporting the immune system, reducing inflammation, and influencing mood and energy levels [11][12] - An imbalance in the gut microbiome, with more bad bacteria and fewer good bacteria, can contribute to the development of modern diseases [12] - Restricting carbohydrates may negatively impact gut health and overall well-being [13] Traditional Filipino Diet and Gut Health - Traditional Filipino diets, rich in rice, vegetables, and fermented foods, can promote a healthier gut profile and support better metabolic health [17][19] - Leftover rice contains resistant starch, a type of carbohydrate that feeds beneficial gut bacteria [18] - The shift from traditional, plant-based diets to modern, processed, and meat-heavy diets is detrimental to gut health and contributes to metabolic disorders [20][21] Recommendations for Better Gut Health - Eating more than 30 different types of plant food per week can increase the diversity of beneficial bacteria in the gut [23] - Incorporating five types of plant food daily – rice or other whole grains, vegetables, fruits, root crops, and nuts, beans, or seeds – can form the foundation of a healthy diet [23] - Adding fermented foods like pago, achara, and buro to the diet can further support gut health [24]