Core Insights - Shenzhen Nanshan District and Beijing Haidian District have both entered the "trillion GDP club," becoming leaders among county-level economies in China, with Nanshan expected to reach this milestone by 2025 [1] - The article analyzes the industrial structure evolution, planning orientation, and factor endowment of these two districts from 2021 to 2025, aiming to provide empirical decision-making references for local governments [1] Industrial Structure - Nanshan's industrial structure reflects a transition from a "world factory" to a "global innovation center," with the tertiary industry accounting for approximately 76% and secondary industry about 23% [2] - The high-tech manufacturing sector contributes over 60% to the industrial output value, showcasing a balanced structure of "high-tech manufacturing as the base, high-end services as the enabler" [2] - Haidian's industrial structure is characterized by a high degree of "softening," with the tertiary industry exceeding 92%, particularly in information transmission, software, and IT services, which constitute half of its GDP [5] Industrial Planning - Nanshan focuses on developing "14+7" strategic emerging industry clusters, including networks, semiconductors, and biomedicine, while also planning for future industries like synthetic biology and space technology [9] - Haidian aims to build a "1+X+1" modern industrial system led by artificial intelligence, empowering sectors like healthcare and integrated circuits, with a strong emphasis on technology service industries [10] Factor Endowment - Haidian boasts a robust "national team" of research institutions, including top universities and national laboratories, while Nanshan features a vibrant "market team" with over 90% of innovative enterprises being local [16] - Nanshan is recognized for its active venture capital environment, while Haidian benefits from strong government-led funding initiatives [18][19] - Nanshan has potential for spatial expansion through innovative land use strategies, whereas Haidian faces space constraints and focuses on urban renewal to optimize land use [20] Conclusion and Recommendations - The success of both districts stems from their ability to transform inherent advantages into institutional and ecological strengths, with Nanshan focusing on market-driven innovation and Haidian on knowledge-driven economic ecosystems [22] - Future competition will hinge on the ability to create comprehensive innovation ecosystems that integrate research, technology breakthroughs, and commercialization [22]