Core Insights - The report emphasizes the need for the United States to build a robust hydrogen market to maintain its energy leadership, highlighting current challenges such as weak demand, high costs, and insufficient infrastructure despite existing policy support [1][15][26] Global Hydrogen Opportunity and US Status - The global hydrogen market is projected to meet 10%-15% of the world's energy needs by 2050, representing a $2.5 trillion investment opportunity, with a $680 billion project pipeline expected to be completed by 2030 [15][25] - The US lags behind China and the EU in hydrogen investment, with only $200 million invested in 2024 compared to $2 billion in China and $3 billion in the EU [26][27] Challenges Facing the US Hydrogen Market - High costs remain a significant barrier, with hydrogen still more expensive than traditional fuels despite federal incentives [1][62] - First-mover risks are prevalent, as hydrogen projects face various technical, market, and regulatory challenges, limiting commercial opportunities and access to capital [1][19] - Insufficient infrastructure increases project risks and constrains market development [1][19] Strategies to Strengthen US Hydrogen Demand - Policy-driven demand is crucial, with recommendations for establishing decarbonization targets, procurement policies, and product standards to stimulate downstream market demand for low-carbon hydrogen [2][19] - Market mechanisms, such as buyer alliances and book-and-claim systems, can help convert market demand into investment, although they cannot replace the role of policy [2][19] Future Development Recommendations - The federal government should maintain existing incentives and promote the development of global export markets [2][24] - Demand-side policy incentives should be increased, including financial support and regulatory standards for hydrogen and hydrogen-derived commodities [2][24] - Enhanced midstream planning and financial support are necessary to develop infrastructure corridors and clarify regulatory frameworks [2][24] Vision for Success - The National Petroleum Council envisions a hydrogen market 7.5 times larger than today, driven by a diversified supply to support the US industrial base [37][38] - The Gulf Coast and Midwest regions are strategically positioned to attract investment due to their natural resources and existing industrial bases [38][40] Economic Impact and Job Creation - The establishment of hydrogen hubs is expected to generate approximately 330,000 direct and indirect jobs, with potential for 670,000 cumulative jobs annually if the low-carbon hydrogen market expands significantly [43][43]