Critical Thinking Skills - Critical thinking involves judging based on criteria to accept, reject, or suspend judgment on an opinion [1] - Argumentation is a key skill, focusing on practical logic applicable to daily life, distinguishing it from formal logic [1] - Identifying fallacies in reasoning is crucial, as many arguments, though seemingly correct, are flawed [1] - Overcoming cognitive biases and groupthink is essential for independent thought and decision-making [2] Ethical Considerations in Critical Thinking - A critical thinker should possess intellectual humility, acknowledging the limits of their knowledge [3] - Intellectual empathy is necessary, requiring one to understand and reasonably consider others' perspectives [3] - Intellectual integrity demands applying the same standards to one's own arguments as to others' [3] - Intellectual courage is needed to question one's own beliefs and challenge established norms [3] The Role of Arts and Literature - Art and literature are essential for cultivating qualities like courage, independence, and fairness, which cannot be taught directly [3] - Engaging with stories and characters fosters empathy and provides examples of intellectual virtues [3] Perspective and Tolerance - Truth is multifaceted, with each individual holding a partial view, promoting tolerance and understanding [3]