Core Insights - GPT-5 demonstrates superior performance in medical imaging reasoning and understanding compared to human experts, with accuracy rates exceeding human capabilities by 24.23% and 29.40% respectively [2][5][16]. Group 1: Model Comparison - A study from Emory University compared GPT-5 with its predecessors, including GPT-4o and smaller variants like GPT-5-mini and GPT-5-nano, focusing on their ability to handle multimodal information in the medical field [3][5]. - GPT-5 outperformed all other models in standardized tests, particularly in the MedXpertQA multimodal test, showing improvements of nearly 30% in reasoning and 36% in understanding over GPT-4o [5][13]. - In the MedXpertQA Text and MM tests, GPT-5 scored 56.96 and 69.99 respectively, significantly higher than human experts and other models [15][17]. Group 2: Testing Methodology - The tests included the USMLE exam, MedXpertQA, and VQA-RAD, all conducted in a zero-shot setting without data fine-tuning [7][10]. - The USMLE exam, a critical benchmark for medical education, showed GPT-5's comprehensive superiority over GPT-4o [8][10]. - MedXpertQA consists of 4460 questions across 17 medical specialties, with a multimodal subset that includes diverse images and clinical information [11][12]. Group 3: Technical Advancements - The core advancement of GPT-5 lies in its end-to-end multimodal architecture, enhancing cross-modal attention and alignment capabilities [18][19]. - Unlike GPT-4o, which relied on indirect methods for cross-modal tasks, GPT-5 integrates text, images, and audio into a unified vector space, facilitating seamless perception, reasoning, and decision-making [19]. - The collaborative effect of chain-of-thought prompting and enhanced internal reasoning capabilities in GPT-5 significantly boosts its performance in reasoning-intensive tasks [19]. Group 4: Real-World Application - Despite its impressive performance in standardized tests, GPT-5 still requires further real-world testing to validate its effectiveness in clinical settings [20][22]. - A recent ultimate exam in radiology revealed that all AI models, including GPT-5, scored lower than intern doctors, indicating a gap between AI capabilities and human expertise [20][22].