Core Viewpoint - The release of the national-level policy on virtual power plants marks a significant step towards the standardized, large-scale, market-oriented, and normalized development of virtual power plants in China, facilitating the construction of a unified electricity market and the transition to a clean and low-carbon energy system [1][5]. Group 1: Development Status - Virtual power plants in China are still in the early stages of development, with a lack of unified understanding of their definition and functions, as well as the need for improved management requirements, market mechanisms, and standard systems [1][3]. - As of April 24, 2023, the number of users aggregated by virtual power plants in Shanxi has reached 122, with an aggregated capacity of 202.98 million kilowatts and a maximum adjustable load of 26.43 million kilowatts [4]. Group 2: Functionality and Benefits - Virtual power plants can aggregate various distributed resources and participate in electricity system optimization and market transactions without the need for physical power generation facilities [1][2]. - They enhance system flexibility and user responsiveness, potentially lowering electricity costs for households and allowing them to participate in green energy production [2][5]. Group 3: Policy Support and Future Goals - The "Guiding Opinions" set clear development goals, aiming for a virtual power plant adjustment capacity of over 20 million kilowatts by 2027 and over 50 million kilowatts by 2030 [5][6]. - The policy encourages local governments to develop tailored virtual power plant plans and supports private enterprises in investing and managing virtual power plants, promoting a diversified energy investment landscape [5][6]. Group 4: Challenges Ahead - Key challenges include the need for standardized market mechanisms, technological advancements for data management and security, and the establishment of effective resource integration mechanisms [4][5]. - Many virtual power plant operators are struggling to achieve financial sustainability, relying on subsidies and other business segments for support [5].