Core Insights - The article discusses the revolutionary impact of spatial transcriptomics technology on biomedical research, enabling analysis of gene activity in cells and tissues with spatial resolution [3][4][5] Group 1: Technology Overview - Spatial transcriptomics technology can be categorized into two main types: spatial capture/labeling techniques and image-based techniques, each with its own advantages and limitations [3] - Existing methods face a dilemma where spatial resolution and transcriptome coverage cannot be achieved simultaneously, leading to a compromise in data quality [3] Group 2: RAEFISH Method - The RAEFISH method, developed by a team from Yale University, offers a sequencing-free approach that combines whole-genome coverage (22,000 mouse genes and 23,000 human genes) with single-molecule resolution [4][5] - This method allows for precise localization of individual RNA molecules within cells, addressing the limitations of previous spatial transcriptomics technologies [4][5] Group 3: Applications and Implications - RAEFISH enables high-resolution spatial analysis of gene transcripts, revealing subcellular localization, cell type specificity, and intercellular interaction patterns [5][7] - The technology represents a significant advancement in spatial transcriptomics, providing a powerful tool for various fields such as developmental biology, neuroscience, tumor microenvironment research, and drug discovery [7]