Core Insights - eToro's decision to list Bitcoin in 2013 marked a significant shift in retail trading, expanding beyond FX and CFD markets to include cryptocurrencies [1] - The evolution of trading apps has led to a seamless user experience, with platforms introducing new products like tokenized equities and prediction markets [2] The Birth of Retail Trading - In 1990, retail trading was limited to telephone orders, with transactions taking days to settle, primarily accessible to professionals [3] - The rise of internet access allowed brokers like Ameritrade and Schwab to offer online trading services, democratizing access to financial markets [3][4] One App, Many Assets - RetailFX, founded by the Assia brothers in 2007, aimed to empower retail investors and initially focused on spot FX markets, later rebranding to eToro and expanding its offerings [5] - The introduction of Robinhood in 2013 revolutionized mobile trading by providing a platform for U.S. stocks and ETFs, enhancing accessibility for retail investors [6] Mobile Trading Apps - Modern trading apps consolidate multiple asset classes, with Robinhood and eToro leading the way in creating multi-asset retail venues in the 2010s [8] - Robinhood's mobile-first design transformed retail trading into an always-on activity, characterized by intuitive orders and frictionless funding [9] - Since 2013, Robinhood has diversified its offerings to include cryptocurrencies, options, futures, fractional shares, and prediction markets [10]